Summer brings endless opportunities for kids to explore, play, and create memories—but it also calls for extra attention to sun safety, hydration, and outdoor risks.
In this guide, Dr. Arafat, a distinguished pediatrician at Jiahui Health, shares essential tips to keep children safe under the sun, by the water, and during summer activities.
From choosing the right sunscreen to recognizing dehydration signs, these evidence-backed recommendations help parents and caregivers prioritize safety without sacrificing fun.
Sun Safety & Sunburn Care
What does SPF mean, and what’s the best level for children?
SPF, or Sun Protection Factor, tells you how well a sunscreen protects against UVB rays, the ones that cause sunburn. For example, SPF 30 blocks about 97% of UVB rays.
I recommend using a broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with SPF 15-30 for children aged 6 months to 3 years, and at least SPF 30 for children over 3 years old. Sunscreen is not recommended for babies under 6 months old.
These recommendations apply to all children, no matter their skin tone.
Does skin tone affect the recommendation?
While darker skin tones may not burn as quickly, they can still experience sun damage and long-term effects like hyperpigmentation or even skin cancer.
So yes, everyone needs sunscreen—it’s not just about preventing sunburn; it’s about protecting skin health for life.
How often should sunscreen be reapplied?
Sunscreen should be applied about 15–30 minutes before going outside and reapplied every 1.5 to 2 hours—and more often if your child is swimming or sweating a lot.
Even water-resistant formulas wear off, especially after toweling dry. If your child is at camp or outdoors all day, reapply at lunch, after pool time, and any time they dry off or get wet.
Remember, UV rays can sneak through clouds and bounce off water or sand, so stay consistent.
What you should do if your child gets sunburned?
First, get your child out of the sun and into a cool, shaded space. A lukewarm bath or cool compress can help soothe the skin.
After that, gently apply aloe vera or a fragrance-free moisturizer. And make sure they drink plenty of water—sunburn can lead to dehydration.
And what should you avoid?
Avoid ice, petroleum jelly, or oily ointments, as they can trap heat or damage sensitive skin. Also steer clear of creams with benzocaine or alcohol, which can sting or irritate.
If your child is in pain, you can give an age-appropriate dose of ibuprofen or acetaminophen. And if you see severe blistering, fever, or your child seems unusually drowsy, call your pediatrician.
Water Safety
What are the most important water supervision rules for kids?
Always designate a 'water watcher'—an adult whose only job is to watch the kids. No phones, no books, no distractions.
For toddlers or weak swimmers, keep them within arm’s reach—that’s called touch supervision.
Even older children who swim well should never be unsupervised. Drowning happens quickly and silently.
Pools should be fenced with self-locking gates, and young kids should wear life jackets when near open water.
How does water safety change between pools and natural environments like lakes or oceans?
Pools are more controlled, they usually have clear water, set depths, and fences. The main concerns are slips, diving injuries, and lack of supervision.
Open water is a whole different story. Lakes, rivers, and oceans can have strong currents, sudden drop-offs, hidden rocks, and colder water, which can cause muscle cramps or shock.
Even confident swimmers should wear coast guard–approved life jackets in open water, and swimming should only happen in designated, lifeguarded areas.
Summer Camp & Outdoor Activities
What are the signs of dehydration in children?
Dehydration can sneak up quickly in hot weather. Look out for dry lips, dark urine, dizziness, crankiness, sunken eyes, no tears when crying, and—for babies—fewer wet diapers.
Older children might complain of headaches, fatigue, or nausea. If your child seems unusually sleepy or has a fast heartbeat, it’s time to stop activities, cool them down, and encourage frequent, small sips of water or a rehydration drink.
Are there any medications that need special attention during hot weather?
Yes, definitely. Some common medications can affect how kids respond to heat. These include:
Antihistamines (like Benadryl), which can reduce sweating
ADHD medications (like Ritalin or Adderall), which can suppress appetite and thirst
Some antidepressants and seizure medications, which can interfere with the body’s cooling ability
Diuretics, though less common in kids, can increase fluid loss
If your child is on any long-term medications, it’s worth checking with your pediatrician before summer camp or heat-heavy activities.
Encourage plenty of fluids, monitor for signs of dehydration, and adjust outdoor time if needed.
Summer is all about joy, play, and connection, but safety is what keeps the fun going strong. With a few smart habits and consistent supervision, you can help your child make the most of summer while staying protected, hydrated, and happy.
Jiahui Health Department of Pediatrics
The Department of Pediatrics of Jiahui Health is dedicated to improving the quality of medical service and customer experience.
The rich experience of the pediatricians and the clean, comfortable, and friendly environments enable children and their parents to feel cared and relaxed in clinical setting.
Jiahui pediatricians focus on various childhood and adolescent health issues, and protect your children's health from birth to every stage of their growth and development.
Dr. Ahmed Arafat, MD, PhD
Dr. Ahmed Arafat is a pediatrician in Jiahui Health. He is a distinguished pediatrician with a comprehensive background in medicine and extensive clinical experience in pediatrics.
He earned his Bachelor of Medicine degree from Suez Canal University, Egypt, in 2005. Building on this foundation, Dr. Arafat pursued a Diploma in Family Medicine, which he completed in 2011.
His quest for advanced medical knowledge led him to Xiangya Medical School in China, where he obtained his Master's degree in 2013 and his Doctorate in Medicine in 2018.
In 2020, Dr. Arafat was appointed as an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Kazan State Medical University in Russia.
His expertise and dedication were further recognized when he served as a Consultant Pediatrician for the Egypt Healthcare Authority from 2021 to 2024.
Dr. Arafat's career is marked by a deep commitment to both sick and healthy children, underscored by his rich experience and numerous published research articles.
He has been a regular speaker at international pediatrics conferences since 2016, sharing his knowledge and insights with the global medical community.
Dr. Arafat values the doctor-patient relationship, characterized by his excellent listening skills and effective communication.
His passion for pediatrics, coupled with his respect for Chinese culture, has led him to join the Pediatrics team at Jiahui Hospital, where he continues to provide care with utmost dedication and professionalism.
Jiahui Health
Jiahui Health, an international-standard healthcare ecosystem, provides individuals and families with a comprehensive range of international quality medical services and a lifetime of continuous healthcare.
Jiahui follows international standards to provide safe and reliable healthcare, from health management and outpatient services to complex surgery and inpatient treatments, in addition to seamlessly connecting overseas referrals.
Jiahui provides family-centered long-term continuous care, meeting the healthcare need of each stage of life.
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